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- Active
Volcano: A volcano that has recently erupted, is currently
erupting, or is likely to erupt again.
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Andesite: Volcanic rock containing large amounts of silica, and
some iron and magnesium.
- Ash:
Solid or Molten particles from the rocks that were pulverized during a
volcanic explosion.
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Ashfall: Coat of volcanic ash which covers the ground following a
volcanic eruption.
- Ash
Flow: A mixture of ash and gases, ejected from a fissure or
crater, which flows rapidly down the slopes of a volcano.
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Basaltic Lava: Volcanic rock containing more iron and magnesium
than silica.
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Blister: A meter-wide, puffy extrusion of the crust on lava flow,
caused by the expansion of gases and/or vapor beneath it.
- Bomb:
A spherical mass of congealed magma that is blown out during an
eruption.
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Breccia: Rock formed by large blocks of hardened lava, embedded in
volcanic ash.
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Central Vent: The surface opening of a volcanic conduit, which is
usually cylindrical, or pipe-like.
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Central Volcano: A symmetrical volcano formed by lava flow sand
the expulsion of debris from a central point.
- Cinder
Cone: An unstable volcanic cone formed of loose pyroclastics.
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Composite Volcano: A steep volcanic cone built by both lava flows
and pyroclastic eruptions.
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Compound Volcano: A volcano that has more than one major vent, or
is connected to another smaller volcano.
- Crater:
A circular depression caused by an explosion or the collapse of a
volcanic vent.
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Curtain of Fire: A long series of volcanic fountains spreading
along a fissure.
- Dome:
A solid bubble shaped cap that forms over a vent when the lava is so
viscous that it cannot flow. Gases that form underneath the dome
either escape from a side vent, or cause another eruption that will
shatter the dome.
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Dormant Volcano: A volcano that shows no signs of activity, but
may eventually erupt.
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